1. 1. It is significant that one of the most common objections to competition is that it is blind.
A. This is important because in a system of free enterprise based on private property chances are not equal and is indeed a strong case for reducing that inequality of opportunity.
B. Rather it is a choice between a system where it is the will of a few persons that decides who is to get what and one where it depends at least partly on the ability and the enterprise of the people concerned.
C. Although competition and justice may have little else in common, it is as much a commendation of competition as of justice that is no respecter of the persons.
D. The choice today is not between a system in which everybody will get what he deserves according to some universal standard and one where individual shares are determined by chance or goodwill.
6. The fact that opportunities open to the poor in a competitive society are much more restricted than those open to the rich, does not make it less true that in such a society the poor are more free than a person commanding much greater material comfort in s different type of society.
1) CDBA 2) DCBA 3) ABCD 4) BADC
2.
1. The necessity for regional integration in South Asia is underlined by the very history of the last 45 years since the liquidation of the British Empire in this part of the world.
A. After the partition of the Indian Subcontinent, Pakistan was formed in that very which the imperial powers had always marked out as the potential base for operations against the Russian power in Central Asia.
B. Because of the disunity and ill-will among the South Asian neighbors, particular India and Pakistan, the great powers from outside the area could meddle into their affairs and thereby keep neighbors apart.
C. It needs to be added that it was the bountiful supply of sophisticated arms that emboldened Pakistan to go for war like bellicosity towards India.
D. As a part of the cold war strategy of the U.S , Pakistan was sucked into Washington’ s military alliance spreading over the years.
6. Internally too, it was the massive induction of American arms into Pakistan which empowered the military junta of that country to stuff out the civilian government and destroy democracy in Pakistan.
1) ACBD 2) ABDC 3) CBAD 4) DCAB
3.
1. Commercial energy consumption shows an increasing trend and poses a major challenge for
the future.
A. The demand for petroleum during 1996-97 and 2006-07 is anticipated to 81 million tons and 125 million tons respectively.
B. According to the projections of the 14th power Survey Committee Report, the electricity generation requirements from utilities will be about 415 billion units by 1996-97 and 824 billion units by 2006-07.
C. The production of coal should reach 303 million tons by 1996-97 to achieve plan targets and 460 million tons by 2006-07.
D. The demand for petroleum products has already outstripped indigenous production.
6. Electricity is going to play a major role in the development of infrastructural facilities.
2) DACB 2) CADB 3) BADC 4) ABCD
4.
1. The success of any unit in a competitive environment depends on prudent management sources.
A. In this context it would have been more appropriate if the concept of accelerated depreciation together with additional incentives towards capital allowances for recouping a portion of the cost of replacements out of the current generations had been accepted.
B. Added to this are the negligible retention of profits because of inadequate capital allowances are artificial disallowances of genuine outflows.
C. One significant cause for poor generation of surpluses is the high cost of capital and its servicing cost.
D. The lack of a mechanism in India tax laws for quick recovery of capital costs has received its due attention.
6. While this may apparently look costly from the point of view of the exchequer, cost to the government and the community in the losses suffered through poor viability will be prohibitive.
1) ADBC 2) BCDA 3) CBDA 4) DBAC
5. 1. Count Rumford is perhaps best known for his observations on the nature of heat.
A. He undertook several experiments in order to test the theories of the origin of frictional heat
B. According to the colorists, the heat was produced by the ‘’ caloric’’ squeezed out of the chips in the process of separating them from the larger pieces of metal.
C. Lavoisier had introduced the term ‘’caloric’’ for the weightless substance heat, and had included it among the chemical elements along with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen.
D. In the ammunitions factory in Munich, Rumford noticed that a considerable degree of heat developed in a brass gun while it was being bored.
6. Rumford could not believe that the amount of heat generated could have come from the small amount of dust created.
1) ABCD 2) CBDA 3) ACDB 4) CDAB
6. 1. The death of cinema has been predicted annually.
A. It hasn’t happened.
B. It was said that the television would kill it off-and indeed audiences plummeted, reaching a low in 1984.
C. Film has enjoyed a renaissance, and audiences are nor roughly double of what they were a decade ago.
D. Then the home computer became the projected nemesis followed by satellite television.
6. Why? probably because even in the most atomized of societies, we human beings feel the need to share out fantasies and our excitement.
1) CADB 2) BDAC 3) ABDC 4) DABC
7.
A. That Hollywood is a man’s world is certainly true but it is not the whole truth.
B. Even Renaissance film actress Jodie Foster who hosts this compendium of movie history, confess surprise at this.
C. She says that she had no idea that women were so active in the industry even those days.
D. During the silent era, for example, female script writers outnumbered males 10 to 1.
1) ADBC 2) ABDC 3) DCAB 4) ABCD
8. 1. Visual recognition involves storing and retrieving of memories.
A. Psychologists of the Gastalt school maintain that objects are recognized as a whole in a parallel procedure.
B. Neural activity, triggered by the eye, forms an image in the brain’s memory system that constitutes an internal representation on the viewed object.
C. Controversy surrounds the question of whether recognition is a single one-step procedure or a serial step-by-step one.
D. When an object is encountered again, it is matched with its internal recognition and thereby recognized.
6. The internal representation is matched with the retinal image in single operation.
1) DBAC 2) DCAB 3) BDCA 4) CABD
9. 1. The history of mammals dates back at least to Triassic time.
A. Miocene and Pliocene time was marked by culmination of several groups and continued approach towards modern characters.
B. Development was retarded, however until the sudden acceleration of evolutional change that occurred in the oldest Paleocene.
C. In the Oligocene Epoch, there was further improvement, with appearance of some new lines and extinction of theories.
D. This led in Eocene time to increase in average size, larger mental capacity, and special adaptations for different modes of life.
6. The peak of the career of mammals in variety and average large size was attained in this epoch.
1) BDCA 2) ACDB 3) BCDA 4) ACBD
10. A. There was the hope that in another existence a greater happiness would reward one
B. Previous existence, and the effort to do better would be less difficult too when
C. It would be less difficult to bear the evils of one’s own life if
D. One could think that they were but the necessary outcome of one’s errors in a
1) CABD 2) BDCA 3) BADC 4) CDBA
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